Distribution of Major Crops Based on Climate and Soil
|
Crops |
Types of soil |
Major areas of production |
Favorable temperature |
Annual rainfall |
|
Pigeon
pea |
Light
loam |
Uttar
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar, Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka |
25
– 35 ℃ |
75
– 125 cm |
|
Paddy |
Heavy
soil clay loam |
West
Bengal, Bihar, Tamil Nadu, Eastern region, East Madhya Pradesh, Andhra
Pradesh, Assam, Odisha, Gujrat, Karnataka, Coastal parts of Maharashtra and
Kerala |
20
– 35 ℃ |
100
cm above |
|
Wheat |
Good
drainage loam or clay loam |
Uttar
Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Gujrat, Bihar, Madhya
Pradesh |
16
– 25 ℃ |
40
– 150 cm Irrigation
mandatory |
|
Barley |
Light
loam with well drained light soil |
Uttar
Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Bihar, Eastern Rajasthan |
16
– 25 ℃ |
20
– 100 cm |
|
Sorghum |
Light
soil |
Maharashtra,
Gujrat, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh, Rajasthan, Western Madhya Pradesh, Bundelkhand
region of Uttar Pradesh |
22
– 35 ℃ |
40
– 60 cm |
|
Pearl
millet |
Loamy
soil |
Maharashtra,
Gujrat, Karnataka, Rajasthan, Tamil Nadu, South Western Uttar Pradesh |
25
– 35 ℃ |
35
– 50 cm |
|
Groundnut |
Sandy
loam and Black soil |
Gujrat,
Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya
Pradesh |
20
– 30 ℃ |
80
– 120 cm |
|
Sugarcane |
Heavy
soil |
Uttar
Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, Maharashtra, Bihar |
20
– 35 ℃ |
100
– 150 cm |
|
Maize |
Well
drain loam soil |
Bihar,
Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Haryana, Gujrat, Madhya Pradesh |
30
– 40 ℃ |
40
– 60 cm |
|
Potato |
Sandy
loam soil |
Uttar
Pradesh, Bihar, Assam, Odisha |
15
– 25 ℃ |
50
– 100 cm |
|
Chickpea |
Clay
loam soil |
Uttar
Pradesh, Punjab, Haryana, West Madhya Pradesh |
16
– 25 ℃ |
40
– 80 cm |
|
Sesame |
Clay
loam soil |
Rajasthan,
Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu |
20
– 30 ℃ |
40
– 60 cm |
|
Linseed |
Clay
loam soil |
Uttar
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Bihar |
16
– 25 ℃ |
50
– 75 cm |
|
Mustard |
Light
loam soil |
Uttar
Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra |
16
– 25 ℃ |
20
– 60 cm |
|
Jute |
Light
loam soil |
West
Bengal, Bihar, Odisha, Assam |
25
– 35 ℃ |
100
cm |
|
Cotton |
Black
clay soil |
Maharashtra,
Gujrat, Punjab, Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Haryana, Tamil Nadu, Uttar Pradesh |
32
– 40 ℃ |
75
– 115 cm |
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