Papaya Crop

Papaya Crop

Botanical Name :- Carica papaya
Family :- Caricaceae
Origin :- Tropical America (Mexico)
2n :- 18

Seed rate :-

Gynodioecious :- 250 - 300 g / ha
Dioecious :- 400 - 500 g / ha

Climate :-

It is a tropical fruit and grows well in well regions where summer temperature range 35 - 38 °C tolerate frost and comes up to an elevation of 1200 m above sea level.

Soil :-

Well drain soil of uniform texture are highly preferable to avoid the collar rot disease.

Sowing :-

500 g of seed is required for planting one ha. June - September is the best season for planting. Avoid planting in rainy season.

Nursery :-

Treat the seed with captain @ 2 g / kg of seed. Seedling will be ready in about 60 days.

Irrigation :-

Irrigation compulsory after planting. Irrigated the field once in a week.

Harvesting :-

Fruit should be picked at color break stage.

Yield :-

200 - 250 tan / ha 

• Fruit type of papaya :- Fleshy Berry
• Edible part of papaya :- Mesocarp
• Inflorescence of papaya :- Cymose
• Commercially propagated of papaya :- Seed
• Yellow color of papaya due to :- Caricaxanthin
• Papain contain 72.2 % protein.
• Enzyme present in dried latex of papaya (Papain) is pepsin.
• Commended spacing for Pusa Nanha is 1.25 X 1.25 m² (6000 plant / ha).
• Frost is the most limiting factor in papaya cultivation in North India.
• Papaya is a polygamous plant.
• Weight of 1 g. seed :- 20 seed of papaya
• Carpine obtained from papaya is utilized as a diuretic and heart stimulant.
• Damping off is most serious disease of papaya seedling.
• 10 % male plant is planted where dioecious varieties are cultivated.
• Papaya plants are very susceptible to water logging.
• Papaya is thermosensitive crop.
• Carica candamarcensis :- Mountain Papaya
• Sunrise solo type of papaya produce no male plant.
• Seed are enclosed in gelatinous sarcotesta.
• Irrigation in papaya crop :- Ring method
• Papain yield (Crude Papain) :- 600 - 800 kg / ha

Varieties of papaya :-

Gynodioecious Varieties :-

• Pusa delicious
• Pusa majesty :- One of highest papain yielder
• CO-3
• Coorg honey dew :- Selection from honey dew (Madhu bindu) Hermaphrodite
• Sunrise solo :- Pink flesh
• Taiwan :- Blood red color
• Surya

Hybrid Varieties :-

• CO-3 :- CO-2 X Sunrise solo
• CO-4 :- CO-2 X Washinghton
• CO-7 :- CO-3 X Pusa delicious X Coorg honey dew