Groundnut Crop

Groundnut Crop

Botanical Name :- Arachis Hypogaea

Family :- Leguminosae

Origin :- Brazil

2n :- 40

Seed Rate :-

Kharif Season :-

1. Bunch type :- 120 kg/ha

1. Spreading type :- 150 kg/ha

Rabi Season :-

1. Bunch type :- 150 kg/ha

1. Spreading type :- 180 kg/ha

Summer Season :-

1. Bunch type :- 150 kg/ha

1. Spreading type :- 180 kg/ha

Sowing Time :-

• Kharif Season :- 3^rd week of June to 1^st week of July
• Rabi Season :- November
• Summer Season :- Last week of December to end of January

Cultivated groundnut divided into two type :-

1. The erect or bunch type :- Include Arachis Hypogaea subsp. fastigiata.
2. The trailing or spreading type :- Include Arachis Hypogaea subsp. procumbeans.

Irrigation :-

• Kharif Season :- No need
• Rabi Season :- 5-6 Irrigation
• Summer Season :- 10-12 Irrigation

Critical stage of irrigation :-

1. Flowering Stage
2. Pagging Stage
3. Pod Formation Stage

The most common groundnut based cropping system are :-

1. Groundnut + Pigeon pea :- 4:1
2. Groundnut + Sunflower :- 4:1
3. Groundnut + Till :- 3:1

Disease :-

• Stem rot disease is due to :- Sclerotium rolfsii
• Collar rot :- Aspergillus niger
• Tikka :- Cercospora personata & C. arachidicola

The plant height of groundnut :- 30 - 60 cm
NPK ratio of groundnut :- 30:60:30 kg/ha
pH :- 6.0 - 6.5
Ratio of flower : Peg : Pods is :- 7:4:1

• Groundnut is also known is peanut, earthnut, monkey nut, goober, pinda & manila nut.
• Groundnut seed content 45 % oil 26 % protein.
• Groundnut are a good sources of all B vitamins except B₁₂ and rich sources of thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid and vitamin E.
• Oil cake content 7-8 % N, 1.5 P₂O₅ and 1.5 K₂O.
• Groundnut is a self pollinated and day neutral plant.
• Groundnut is a modified fruit.
• Testa is a thin skin that covers the seed or nut.
• Star weeder is used to control weed in groundnut field.
• Calcium (Ca) is essential for pod development.
• Fruit of groundnut :- Nut
• Fruit type of groundnut :- Lomentum
• Shelling percentage of groundnut is :- 70%
• Technology mission on pulses and oilseed was started in :- May 1986
• Most suitable soil for groundnut cultivation :- Sandy to Sandy loam soil
• Groundnut found which type of germination :- Hypogeal
• Bitterness of kernel is due to :- Aflatoxin
• Pod moisture content is :- > 8%
• Vector of virus in groundnut is :- Aphid
• Major pest of groundnut :- White grub

Varieties :-

JL-24 (Phule Pragati), TAG-24, Greeshma, Prasuna, Abhaya, Apoorva, ICGV-86590, K-134, TPT-2, DRG-12, Kadiri-4,5,6, TG-26, J-11, Ganga-1